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Vol. 37, no. 1 (Spring 1996)


Contents

Articles

The Search for the Sources of the Nahuatl Saltillo Alexis Manaster-Ramer 1
Iroquoian Vowels Blair A. Rudes 16
Phonetic Structures in Jalapa Mazatec Daniel Silverman, Barbara Blankenship, Paul Kirk, and Peter Ladefoged 70

Notes and Research Reports

On Factors in Linguistic and Social Change Eric P. Hamp 89
The Joshua A. Fishman and Gella Schweid Fishman Family Archive91

Book Reviews

On the Origin of Languages: Studies in Linguistic Taxonomy (Merritt Ruhlen) Anthony P. Grant 93
The Culture of Coincidence: Accident and Absolute Liability in Huli (Laurence Goldman) William A. Foley 97
Ethnicity in Eastern Europe: Questions of Migration, Language Rights and Education (Sue Wright with Helen Kelly, editors) Zdenek Salzmann 98
Language Contact--Language Conflict (Eran Fraenkel and Christina Kramer, editors) Horace G. Lunt 100
Life Stories: The Creation of Coherence (Charlotte Linde) Stanton Wortham 102
Language and Self-Transformation: A Study of the Christian Conversion Narrative (Peter G. Stromberg) John Overton 104
Duelling Languages: Grammatical Structure in Codeswitching (Carol Myers-Scotton) Marjory Meechan 106
Women, Men, and Language: A Sociolinguistic Account of Gender Differences in Language (Jennifer Coates) Roberta Basser Goldberg 110
The Dog's Children: Anishinaabe Texts Told by Angeline Williams (Leonard Bloomfield, editor and translator; newly edited and with a glossary by John D. Nichols) and Leonard Bloomfield's Fox Lexicon: Critical Edition (Ives Goddard, editor) Charles F. Hockett 111
The Porcupine Hunter and Other Stories: The Original Tsimshian Texts of Henry Tate (newly transcribed and annotated by Ralph Maud) Jay Miller 114
Textos y Gramatica del Pima Bajo (Roberto Escalante and Zarina Estrada Fernández) David Leedom Shaul 116
The Nubian Languages: An Annotated Bibliography (Angelika Jakobi and Tanja Kümmerle, compilers) Alan S. Kaye 117

Abstracts

The Search for the Sources of the Nahuatl Saltillo

Alexis Manaster-Ramer
Wayne State University

Abstract. In this paper I suggest that the long-elusive explanation of the Nahuatl saltillo lies in sound laws that refer to specific combinations of specific syllable-final consonants (some of them originally syllable-medial ones that become syllable-final after syncope) in specific environments. Once we realize that there is more than one source for the saltillo, we are led toward a solution to one of the longest- standing issues in Uto-Aztecan comparative linguistics. Although many questions cannot be settled finally at this stage (because of the paucity of examples where we can be sure of the exact shape of the Proto-Uto-Aztecan forms), it is important to note that the evidence does appear sufficient to provide new support for the reconstruction of certain syllable-final consonants in PUA.

Iroquoian Vowels

Blair A. Rudes
First Americans Research

Abstract. The paucity of published Proto-Iroquoian reconstructions results, in part, from the difficulties associated with the reconstruction of the vowel system. The basic vowel correspondences among the Iroquoian languages--that is, those correspondences that account for the majority of cognate sets--have been known for decades. However, no previous reconstruction of the full Proto-Iroquoian vowel system has appeared in print. In addition, certain marginal correspondences and alternations remain that have not been adequately explained. Reexamination of these data results in an alternative reconstruction of the vowel system of Proto-Northern Iroquoian.

Phonetic Structures in Jalapa Mazatec

Daniel Silverman, Barbara Blankenship, Paul Kirk, and Peter Ladefoged
University of California, Los Angeles

Abstract. This paper describes the phonetic inventory of the San Felipe Jalapa de Díaz dialect of Mazatec (Jalapa Mazatec). The sound system of Jalapa Mazatec is unusual in possessing a great number of linguistically significant laryngeal contrasts in both its consonant and vowel inventories. We focus on instrumental analyses of breathy vowels, creaky vowels, and so-called ballistic syllables, as well as glottalized and voiceless sonorant consonants.

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